Internal combustion engine



' (a. J. CARTER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED OCT. 30, 1918.

1,305, 3 93 EPatented May 27, 1919.

5 SHEETSSHEET 1- I 717/87Zf57" G. I. CARTER;

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

, APPLICATION FILED OCT-30,1918.

Patented May 27,1919. I 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@IIIII 6.1. CARTER.

!NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-30,1918.

Patented May 27, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

G. I. CARTER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00130, 19I8.

1 ,305 ,1 @S Patented May 27, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

l na e? 7/2 52" QM hmfiim 72% I G. J. CARTER. INTERNAL COMBUSTIONVENGINE, APPLICATION FILED OCT- 30,1918.

1 ,8U5 ,1 98,, Patented. May 27, 1919.

5 SHEETS SHEET 5.

RvewZZr GEQRGE J. CARTER, OF ,BROMBOBOUGI-I, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed October 30, 19 18.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE J OHN CARTER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in Bromborough, in the county of Chester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which by way of example, two types of fittings or housings are shown each adapted to carry the starting air admission valve, the safety valve and the indicator cock connection each fitting being provided with a single stem with the bore of which these valves and connection communicate; the drawings also show the pre ferred mode of making joint between the stem and the liner and between the stem and the cylinder' wall.

Figure l is a side elevation in section on the line I, I, of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 2 is an end elevation in section on the line II, II, of Fig. 1, the parts behind the plane of section being omitted.

Figs. 3 to6 are views of a modified form of fitting, Fig. 3 being a side elevation in section on the line III, III, of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation in section on the line IV, IV, of Fig. 3 with the parts be yond theplane of section omitted.

Fi 5-i's.a part sectional view on the line V, V: of Fig. 4 which passes through the center line of the studs.

Fig. 6 is a transverse section on the line VI, VI, of Fig. 3 and r Fig. 7'shows the general arrangement, and is a plan in transverse section through a pair of adjacent liners.

Referring in the first instance to Figs. 1 and 2,- Y

A is the stem of the fitting or housing A, the bore aof which opens out into a chamber a which communicates with :a chamber 7) having a valve seating 71 to take the safety valvevB; a chamber C (see Fig. 2) having a valve seating c to take the starting air admission valve C; and with the passage way d opening into the screwed bore (Z of the ,boss D to take the indicator cock fitting.

'E 'is the cylinder liner which is drilled with -a stepped socket hole 6 to take the nose a of the stem Athe joint'beingmade be- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1919. Serial No. 260,389.

tWeen the stem and the liner by means of the Washer 6 The jointing pressure is obtained by means of studs S screwing into non-through holes 8 in the liner and passing through the body ofthe fitting or housing the latter with its stem being drawn up by the nuts 8 I This arrangement of the studs will be understood by reference to Fig. 5 which illustrates a similar arrangement of studs in a modification. The studs S are not directly connected to the cylinder wall F, the latter having an opening f concentric with the socket hole 6 in the liner. Through the opening f a distance piece or sleeve G passes, which sleeve isbored to fit the exterior of the valve housing stem A. The studs pass freely through holes in the sleeve and the flange 9 of the latter makes joint with a suitable seating e formed in the eX- terior of the liner E. The joint between the outer face g of the sleeve and a suitable facing f on the exterior of the cylinder wall is made by means of a thin washer H of suitable material adapted to stand high temperature, which washer has a central annular U-shaped portion h to give it the necessary flexibility to allow for imperfect alinement or unequal expansion. The joint between the flange g of the sleeve and the liner seating c and between the washer H and the outer face G of the sleeve, may be made through intermediate nuts 8 on the studs, which nuts bear on the washer plates h Interposed between the nuts 8 and the plate It is a spring washer 8 It will be seenthat by means of this construction the joint between the stem and the liner which is subjected to the pressure in the cylinder is made tight by direct connecting means and independently of thejoint between the stem and the cylinder'wall.

The joint between the outer portion of the washer H and the facing f is made by the washer plate h held in position by the heads 7' of the studs J, .(see Fig. 5;which shows these parts in a modification)..

The spindle b of the safety valve B is enlarged and recessed where it passes through the sleeve Z1 and it carries 'a piston b fitting the bore of the spring casing?) andthe spring I) is interposed between this piston and the screwed sleeve 6 b is a connection for an air inlet pipe, for pnepmatically means 0 for grinding in the valve C; the.

facing for the starting air supply connection is on the front of the fitting and communicates with the chamber 0 by means of a suitable port. A

The valve is withdrawn through the opening K fitted with the screwed cap Referring now to Figs. 3 to 6as before, A is the fitting or housing, A is the stem 6 the opening in the liner wall 6 the jointing washer between the nose of the stem and the cylinder wall, the joint as before, being made by studs S (see Fig. 5) which screw into the non-through holes 8 in the liner, the fitting A and stem A being forced axially into position by the nuts 8 G is the sleeve the flange g of which makes joint with a suitable seating 6 formed in the exterior of the liner. The end of the sleeve has a rim 9 which fits in a corresponding socket in the liner, and joint between the outer face 9 of the sleeve and the facin f on the exterior of the cylinder wall is made by the washer Has described, the arrangement being clearly shown in Fig. 5 and the joint between H and the sleeve being made by the nuts 8 on the studs S and the joint between H and the facing F being made by the Studs J.

As before, the bore a of the stem opens into the chamber In which is provided with a valve Seating 5 to take the safety valve B, the enlarged portion 6 of the spindle, of which fits the sleeve 6 b is a packing piston fitting the cylindrical bore of the casing Z9 Z2 is the connection for an air inlet in the pipe for pneumatically lifting the safety valve, and b is the connection for. the safety valve blow-off.

In order to keep the overall dimensions of the fitting and valves within the smallest limits so as to permit of its use in a confined space, the safety valve spring I) is carried in a spring box 6 (see Fig. 4:) being interposed between the end of the box and the sleeve 6 This sleeve presses on the stud 6 of the lever Z2 pivoted in the fitting at 6 and the pressure is transmitted to the safety valve through a corresponding stud b at the other end. As before, the bore a of the stem of the fitting. communicates with the chamber C and is provided with a valve seating 0 to take the starting air admission valve G. Unlike the modification of Figs. 1 and 2, the seating 0 is formed on a sleeve 0 held inposition in the fitting by the nut 0 so that the valve 0 and the packing piston and sleeve 0 may be removed together.

The actuating piston 0 is controlled by the spring 0 interposed between it and the spring sleeve 0 and the piston 0 is connected to the valve C through the rod 0 pivoted to the end 0 of the lever 0 fulcrumed on the radius link 0 the opposite end 0 of the lever o being pivoted to the spindle of the valve C, the port 0 (see Fig. 3) terminating in a facing 0 forming the connection for the starting air supply.

Referring now to Fig. 7 whichshows a pair of cylinders F cast integral with each other, A is the stem of the multiple valve housing A, and O is the stem of the housing of the fuel valve which may be oftheordinary Diesel type.

It will be seen that thetwoopenings e are at opposite ends of the transverse center line Z, Z, and this gives the symmetrical arrangement described and leaves the portion of the liner on opposite sides of the line Z, Z, of solid construction to resist the exceptionally severe stresses to which it is subjected. The other portions shown in Fig. 7 are lettered to correspond with the figures already described. V

It will also be clear from this figure that the adjacent portions of the water jacket render it impossible to locate the multiple openings, where each valve and connection has itsown fitting, symmetrically around the liner.

It is to be understood that while Iprefer to make the multiple valve housing A to carry the valves and connection described, and the housing 0 to carry the fuel valve of the Diesel type, these valves and connections may, in certain cases, be distributed otherwise between the two fittings, though better and moreconvenient results will be obtained by reserving the housing 0 for the fuel valve alone.

In some cases, owing to the size of the engine, it becomes necessary to provide two fuel valves, and in this case also it will be seen that'by using a multiple valve housing for the'valves and connections, a symmetrical arrangement of the openings in the liners can be preserved.

In the ordinary operation of the engine and for testing purposes, the valve B requires to be opened from time to time, and as in a multiple cylinder engine there will be a number of these valves, the provision of inter-connected mechanical gear for operating them adds unnecessary complexity to the engine. The provision of an'inlet b? as shown in Fig. land the connection of these inlets to a common air pressure pipe forms a cheap, simple and effective method of unseating the valves.

The valve C, Fig. 4:, like the valve C Fig. 2 is operated by a spring-controlled piston The valve is opened by the admission of pressure air into the space on the side of the operating piston 0* remote from the spring 0 whlch pressure overcomes the said spring and opens the valve.

I claim 1. In combination with the cylinder and its liner of an internal combustion engine, provided with openings in alinement, a valve housing provided with a stem having a faced joint with the liner, a connection between the housing and the cylinder Wall including a flexible member and studs by which the housing is held to the liner, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the cylinder and its liner of an internal combustion engine, provided with openings in alinement, a valve housing provided with a stem having a faced joint with the liner, a sleeve surrounding the stem of the housing and bearing on the liner, a flexible washer bearing on the sleeve and the cylinder wall, studs for holding the housing to the liner, and nuts on the studs for pressing the washer against the sleeve and holding the sleeve against the liner, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a multiple valve housing, a safety valve and a starting air admission valve mounted therein, said housing having chambers arranged laterally in respect to said valves, springs in the chambers and external levers between said springs and the valves, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the cylinder and its liner, a valve housing having a stem passing through the cylinder and bearing upon the liner, flexible joint means between the housing and the cylinder and studs for holding the housing to the liner, said studs having means for holding the flexible joint means in place, substantially as described.

5. In combination, a cylinder having a liner, said parts having openings in alinement, a valve housing having a stem passing through the opening in the cylinder and seated about the opening in the liner, a sleeve surrounding the stem and seated against the liner, studs passing through the housing and through the sleeve into the liner, a flexible washer bearing on the outer end of the sleeve and the outer face of the cylinder wall and nuts carried by the studs to press the washer into place, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

GEO. J. CARTER.

Witnesses J E. LLOYD BARNES, JOSEPH E. HIRST.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

